Documentation

TauCeti.Algebra.HopfAlgebra.HopfIdeal.Basic

Hopf ideals #

This file defines Hopf ideals in a Hopf algebra over a commutative semiring. A Hopf ideal is an ideal I whose comultiplication lands in I ⊗ H + H ⊗ I, whose counit vanishes on I, and which is stable under the antipode.

This is a small Layer 3 prerequisite for the reductive-groups roadmap target "Hopf ideals ↔ closed subgroup schemes": closed subgroup schemes of an affine group scheme are represented on coordinate rings by quotient Hopf algebras, and the ideal being quotiented must satisfy exactly these Hopf-ideal closure conditions.

Main definitions #

References #

This follows the standard Hopf-algebra definition of a Hopf ideal; see Sweedler, Hopf Algebras, Chapter 1. The formalization uses Mathlib's Hopf-algebra and tensor-product ideal API. The arbitrary-supremum lattice construction follows the local pattern from TauCeti.Algebra.Coalgebra.Subcoalgebra.Lattice and TauCeti.Algebra.Coalgebra.Subcomodule.Lattice.

The image of an ideal I ≤ H under the left inclusion H → H ⊗[R] H, representing I ⊗ H inside the tensor product algebra.

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    The image of an ideal I ≤ H under the right inclusion H → H ⊗[R] H, representing H ⊗ I inside the tensor product algebra.

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      The left tensor inclusion sends elements of I into I ⊗ H.

      The right tensor inclusion sends elements of I into H ⊗ I.

      theorem TauCeti.HopfIdeal.tmul_mem_leftTensorIdeal (R : Type u) (H : Type v) [CommSemiring R] [Semiring H] [Algebra R H] {I : Ideal H} {x : H} (hx : x ∈ I) (y : H) :

      A pure tensor x ⊗ₜ y with x ∈ I lies in I ⊗ H.

      theorem TauCeti.HopfIdeal.tmul_mem_rightTensorIdeal (R : Type u) (H : Type v) [CommSemiring R] [Semiring H] [Algebra R H] {I : Ideal H} (x : H) {y : H} (hy : y ∈ I) :

      A pure tensor x ⊗ₜ y with y ∈ I lies in H ⊗ I.

      The order universal property for I ⊗ H.

      The order universal property for H ⊗ I.

      theorem TauCeti.HopfIdeal.leftTensorIdeal_mono (R : Type u) (H : Type v) [CommSemiring R] [Semiring H] [Algebra R H] {I J : Ideal H} (hIJ : I ≤ J) :

      The construction I ↦ I ⊗ H is monotone.

      theorem TauCeti.HopfIdeal.rightTensorIdeal_mono (R : Type u) (H : Type v) [CommSemiring R] [Semiring H] [Algebra R H] {I J : Ideal H} (hIJ : I ≤ J) :

      The construction I ↦ H ⊗ I is monotone.

      @[simp]
      theorem TauCeti.HopfIdeal.leftTensorIdeal_iSup (R : Type u) (H : Type v) [CommSemiring R] [Semiring H] [Algebra R H] {ι : Sort u_1} (I : ι → Ideal H) :
      leftTensorIdeal R H (⨆ (i : ι), I i) = ⨆ (i : ι), leftTensorIdeal R H (I i)

      The construction I ↦ I ⊗ H distributes over arbitrary suprema of ideals.

      @[simp]
      theorem TauCeti.HopfIdeal.rightTensorIdeal_iSup (R : Type u) (H : Type v) [CommSemiring R] [Semiring H] [Algebra R H] {ι : Sort u_1} (I : ι → Ideal H) :
      rightTensorIdeal R H (⨆ (i : ι), I i) = ⨆ (i : ι), rightTensorIdeal R H (I i)

      The construction I ↦ H ⊗ I distributes over arbitrary suprema of ideals.

      @[simp]
      theorem TauCeti.HopfIdeal.leftTensorIdeal_sup (R : Type u) (H : Type v) [CommSemiring R] [Semiring H] [Algebra R H] (I J : Ideal H) :
      leftTensorIdeal R H (I ⊔ J) = leftTensorIdeal R H I ⊔ leftTensorIdeal R H J

      The construction I ↦ I ⊗ H distributes over joins of ideals.

      @[simp]
      theorem TauCeti.HopfIdeal.rightTensorIdeal_sup (R : Type u) (H : Type v) [CommSemiring R] [Semiring H] [Algebra R H] (I J : Ideal H) :
      rightTensorIdeal R H (I ⊔ J) = rightTensorIdeal R H I ⊔ rightTensorIdeal R H J

      The construction I ↦ H ⊗ I distributes over joins of ideals.

      The kernel of tensoring the quotient map on the right is the right tensor ideal.

      The kernel of tensoring the quotient map on the left is the left tensor ideal.

      structure TauCeti.HopfIdeal (R : Type u) (H : Type v) [CommSemiring R] [Semiring H] [HopfAlgebra R H] :

      A Hopf ideal in a Hopf algebra over a commutative semiring.

      The comultiplication condition is stated in the ambient tensor product algebra as Δ(I) ⊆ I ⊗ H + H ⊗ I. Over a commutative ring, the bridge instances HopfIdeal.instIsCoideal and HopfIdeal.instIsHopfIdeal below let Mathlib endow the quotient H ⧸ I.toIdeal with its Hopf-algebra structure.

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        @[instance_reducible]
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        def TauCeti.HopfIdeal.toIdeal {R : Type u} {H : Type v} [CommSemiring R] [Semiring H] [HopfAlgebra R H] (I : HopfIdeal R H) :

        The underlying ideal of a Hopf ideal.

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          @[simp]
          theorem TauCeti.HopfIdeal.mem_carrier {R : Type u} {H : Type v} [CommSemiring R] [Semiring H] [HopfAlgebra R H] {I : HopfIdeal R H} {x : H} :
          x ∈ I.carrier ↔ x ∈ I
          @[simp]
          theorem TauCeti.HopfIdeal.mem_toIdeal {R : Type u} {H : Type v} [CommSemiring R] [Semiring H] [HopfAlgebra R H] {I : HopfIdeal R H} {x : H} :
          x ∈ I.toIdeal ↔ x ∈ I
          theorem TauCeti.HopfIdeal.le_def {R : Type u} {H : Type v} [CommSemiring R] [Semiring H] [HopfAlgebra R H] {I J : HopfIdeal R H} :
          I ≤ J ↔ ∀ ⦃x : H⦄, x ∈ I → x ∈ J
          theorem TauCeti.HopfIdeal.ext {R : Type u} {H : Type v} [CommSemiring R] [Semiring H] [HopfAlgebra R H] {I J : HopfIdeal R H} (h : ∀ (x : H), x ∈ I ↔ x ∈ J) :
          I = J

          Two Hopf ideals are equal when they contain the same elements.

          theorem TauCeti.HopfIdeal.ext_iff {R : Type u} {H : Type v} [CommSemiring R] [Semiring H] [HopfAlgebra R H] {I J : HopfIdeal R H} :
          I = J ↔ ∀ (x : H), x ∈ I ↔ x ∈ J
          def TauCeti.HopfIdeal.ofIdeal {R : Type u} {H : Type v} [CommSemiring R] [Semiring H] [HopfAlgebra R H] (I : Ideal H) [I.IsTwoSided] (hcomul : ∀ ⦃x : H⦄, x ∈ I → CoalgebraStruct.comul x ∈ leftTensorIdeal R H I ⊔ rightTensorIdeal R H I) (hcounit : ∀ ⦃x : H⦄, x ∈ I → CoalgebraStruct.counit x = 0) (hantipode : ∀ ⦃x : H⦄, x ∈ I → (HopfAlgebraStruct.antipode R) x ∈ I) :

          Constructor from an ideal and the three Hopf-ideal closure conditions.

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          • TauCeti.HopfIdeal.ofIdeal I hcomul hcounit hantipode = { carrier := I, isTwoSided' := ⋯, comul_mem' := hcomul, counit_eq_zero' := hcounit, antipode_mem' := hantipode }
          Instances For
            @[simp]
            theorem TauCeti.HopfIdeal.ofIdeal_carrier {R : Type u} {H : Type v} [CommSemiring R] [Semiring H] [HopfAlgebra R H] (I : Ideal H) [I.IsTwoSided] (hcomul : ∀ ⦃x : H⦄, x ∈ I → CoalgebraStruct.comul x ∈ leftTensorIdeal R H I ⊔ rightTensorIdeal R H I) (hcounit : ∀ ⦃x : H⦄, x ∈ I → CoalgebraStruct.counit x = 0) (hantipode : ∀ ⦃x : H⦄, x ∈ I → (HopfAlgebraStruct.antipode R) x ∈ I) :
            (ofIdeal I hcomul hcounit hantipode).carrier = I
            @[simp]
            theorem TauCeti.HopfIdeal.mem_ofIdeal {R : Type u} {H : Type v} [CommSemiring R] [Semiring H] [HopfAlgebra R H] {I : Ideal H} [I.IsTwoSided] {hcomul : ∀ ⦃x : H⦄, x ∈ I → CoalgebraStruct.comul x ∈ leftTensorIdeal R H I ⊔ rightTensorIdeal R H I} {hcounit : ∀ ⦃x : H⦄, x ∈ I → CoalgebraStruct.counit x = 0} {hantipode : ∀ ⦃x : H⦄, x ∈ I → (HopfAlgebraStruct.antipode R) x ∈ I} {x : H} :
            x ∈ ofIdeal I hcomul hcounit hantipode ↔ x ∈ I
            def TauCeti.HopfIdeal.ofSpan {R : Type u} {H : Type v} [CommSemiring R] [Semiring H] [HopfAlgebra R H] (S : Set H) [hS : (Ideal.span S).IsTwoSided] (hcomul : ∀ x ∈ S, CoalgebraStruct.comul x ∈ leftTensorIdeal R H (Ideal.span S) ⊔ rightTensorIdeal R H (Ideal.span S)) (hcounit : ∀ x ∈ S, CoalgebraStruct.counit x = 0) (hantipode : ∀ x ∈ S, (HopfAlgebraStruct.antipode R) x ∈ Ideal.span S) :

            Construct the Hopf ideal spanned by a set of generators by checking the three Hopf-ideal closure conditions only on those generators.

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              @[simp]
              theorem TauCeti.HopfIdeal.ofSpan_toIdeal {R : Type u} {H : Type v} [CommSemiring R] [Semiring H] [HopfAlgebra R H] (S : Set H) [hS : (Ideal.span S).IsTwoSided] (hcomul : ∀ x ∈ S, CoalgebraStruct.comul x ∈ leftTensorIdeal R H (Ideal.span S) ⊔ rightTensorIdeal R H (Ideal.span S)) (hcounit : ∀ x ∈ S, CoalgebraStruct.counit x = 0) (hantipode : ∀ x ∈ S, (HopfAlgebraStruct.antipode R) x ∈ Ideal.span S) :
              (ofSpan S hcomul hcounit hantipode).toIdeal = Ideal.span S

              The ideal underlying ofSpan S is the ideal span of S.

              theorem TauCeti.HopfIdeal.comul_mem {R : Type u} {H : Type v} [CommSemiring R] [Semiring H] [HopfAlgebra R H] (I : HopfIdeal R H) {x : H} (hx : x ∈ I) :

              The comultiplication of an element of a Hopf ideal lies in I ⊗ H + H ⊗ I.

              theorem TauCeti.HopfIdeal.counit_eq_zero {R : Type u} {H : Type v} [CommSemiring R] [Semiring H] [HopfAlgebra R H] (I : HopfIdeal R H) {x : H} (hx : x ∈ I) :

              The counit vanishes on a Hopf ideal.

              theorem TauCeti.HopfIdeal.antipode_mem {R : Type u} {H : Type v} [CommSemiring R] [Semiring H] [HopfAlgebra R H] (I : HopfIdeal R H) {x : H} (hx : x ∈ I) :

              The antipode preserves a Hopf ideal.

              theorem TauCeti.HopfIdeal.mul_mem_right {R : Type u} {H : Type v} [CommSemiring R] [Semiring H] [HopfAlgebra R H] (I : HopfIdeal R H) {x : H} (hx : x ∈ I) (y : H) :
              x * y ∈ I

              A Hopf ideal absorbs multiplication on the right as well as on the left.

              @[instance_reducible]
              instance TauCeti.HopfIdeal.instBot {R : Type u} {H : Type v} [CommSemiring R] [Semiring H] [HopfAlgebra R H] :

              The zero ideal as a Hopf ideal.

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              @[simp]
              theorem TauCeti.HopfIdeal.mem_bot {R : Type u} {H : Type v} [CommSemiring R] [Semiring H] [HopfAlgebra R H] {x : H} :
              x ∈ ⊥ ↔ x = 0
              @[instance_reducible]

              The zero Hopf ideal is contained in every Hopf ideal.

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              @[instance_reducible]
              instance TauCeti.HopfIdeal.instMax {R : Type u} {H : Type v} [CommSemiring R] [Semiring H] [HopfAlgebra R H] :

              The sum of two Hopf ideals is a Hopf ideal.

              Equations
              • One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.
              @[simp]
              theorem TauCeti.HopfIdeal.sup_toIdeal {R : Type u} {H : Type v} [CommSemiring R] [Semiring H] [HopfAlgebra R H] (I J : HopfIdeal R H) :
              (I ⊔ J).toIdeal = I.toIdeal ⊔ J.toIdeal

              The underlying ideal of the join of two Hopf ideals is the join of their underlying ideals.

              theorem TauCeti.HopfIdeal.mem_sup {R : Type u} {H : Type v} [CommSemiring R] [Semiring H] [HopfAlgebra R H] {I J : HopfIdeal R H} {x : H} :
              x ∈ I ⊔ J ↔ ∃ y ∈ I, ∃ z ∈ J, y + z = x

              Membership in the join of two Hopf ideals.

              @[instance_reducible]

              Hopf ideals form a semilattice under ideal sum, with ⊔ given by the sum construction.

              Equations
              • One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.
              @[instance_reducible]

              The supremum of a set of Hopf ideals has underlying ideal the supremum of the underlying ideals. The four proof obligations are the implementation of this construction, so they are discharged inline rather than as standalone lemmas.

              Equations
              • One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.
              @[simp]
              theorem TauCeti.HopfIdeal.sSup_toIdeal {R : Type u} {H : Type v} [CommSemiring R] [Semiring H] [HopfAlgebra R H] (S : Set (HopfIdeal R H)) :
              (sSup S).toIdeal = ⨆ (I : ↑S), (↑I).toIdeal

              The underlying ideal of a supremum of a set of Hopf ideals is the supremum of the underlying ideals indexed by that set.

              theorem TauCeti.HopfIdeal.mem_sSup {R : Type u} {H : Type v} [CommSemiring R] [Semiring H] [HopfAlgebra R H] {S : Set (HopfIdeal R H)} {x : H} :
              x ∈ sSup S ↔ ∃ (f : ↑S →₀ H), (∀ (I : ↑S), f I ∈ ↑I) ∧ (f.sum fun (x : ↑S) (y : H) => y) = x

              Membership in the supremum of a set of Hopf ideals.

              @[simp]
              theorem TauCeti.HopfIdeal.iSup_toIdeal {R : Type u} {H : Type v} [CommSemiring R] [Semiring H] [HopfAlgebra R H] {ι : Sort u_1} (I : ι → HopfIdeal R H) :
              (⨆ (i : ι), I i).toIdeal = ⨆ (i : ι), (I i).toIdeal

              The underlying ideal of a supremum of a family of Hopf ideals is the supremum of the underlying ideals.

              theorem TauCeti.HopfIdeal.mem_iSup {R : Type u} {H : Type v} [CommSemiring R] [Semiring H] [HopfAlgebra R H] {ι : Type u_1} {I : ι → HopfIdeal R H} {x : H} :
              x ∈ ⨆ (i : ι), I i ↔ ∃ (f : ι →₀ H), (∀ (i : ι), f i ∈ I i) ∧ (f.sum fun (x : ι) (y : H) => y) = x

              Membership in the supremum of a family of Hopf ideals.

              @[instance_reducible]

              Hopf ideals have arbitrary suprema, computed on underlying ideals.

              Equations

              A HopfIdeal gives Mathlib's coideal structure on the underlying R-submodule, so that Mathlib's quotient Coalgebra/Bialgebra instances fire on H ⧸ I.toIdeal.

              A HopfIdeal gives Mathlib's Ideal.IsHopfIdeal, so that Mathlib's quotient HopfAlgebra instance fires on H ⧸ I.toIdeal.

              The tensor-kernel exactness theorem in the tensor-ideal notation used by HopfIdeal.