Shifts of twisted objects #
Let C be a differential graded category. The twisted objects (⊕ᵢ Xᵢ[rᵢ], δ) of the additive
closure of the shift closure of C are shifted summandwise: the shift by n is the twisted object
(⊕ᵢ Xᵢ[rᵢ + n], δ), whose twisting matrix has the same entries as δ, viewed as morphisms of
C. Since Hom(Xᵢ[rᵢ + n], Xⱼ[rⱼ + n]) = Hom(Xᵢ, Xⱼ)[rⱼ - rᵢ] = Hom(Xᵢ[rᵢ], Xⱼ[rⱼ]) in the shift
closure, with the same differential and composition signs, this is the image of the twisted object
under the DG functor induced by the shift X[r] ↦ X[r + n] of the shift closure
(TauCeti.DGShiftClosure.shiftFunctor). So the shift is a DG functor
TauCeti.DGTwistedObject.shiftFunctor n, which does not change the matrix entries of morphisms.
What makes P⟦n⟧ the shift of P is a closed invertible morphism P ⟶ P⟦n⟧ of degree -n:
composing with it identifies Hom(Z, P⟦n⟧) with Hom(Z, P)[n] and Hom(P⟦n⟧, Z) with
Hom(P, Z)[-n]. It is the diagonal matrix TauCeti.DGTwistedObject.toShift whose entry at the
summand Xᵢ[rᵢ] is (-1)^(n * rᵢ) times the identity of Xᵢ
(TauCeti.DGShiftClosure.toShift), that is, the comparison morphism
TauCeti.DGAdditiveClosure.toShift of the underlying objects. The signs make it natural up to
the Koszul sign, f ≫ σ_Q = (-1)^(n * p) • σ_P ≫ f⟦n⟧ for f of degree p
(TauCeti.DGTwistedObject.dgComp_toShift). Applied to the twisting matrix, of degree one, this
says that σ_P is closed for the twisted differential d σ + (-1)^n • σ ≫ δ⟦n⟧ - δ ≫ σ. Without
the signs it would not be: the identity entries alone would leave the error
((-1)^n - (-1)^(n * (1 + rⱼ - rᵢ))) • δᵢⱼ in the entry from Xᵢ to Xⱼ. The diagonal matrix
TauCeti.DGTwistedObject.fromShift with the same entries is its inverse, of degree n.
The shifts do not compose strictly: P⟦a⟧⟦b⟧ has summands Xᵢ[rᵢ + a + b] and P⟦a + b⟧ has
summands Xᵢ[rᵢ + (a + b)]. They are identified by closed degree-zero isomorphisms built from the
comparison morphisms: TauCeti.DGTwistedObject.shiftAddHom P a b is the composite
P⟦a + b⟧ ⟶ P ⟶ P⟦b⟧ ⟶ P⟦a⟧⟦b⟧ whose last map is the shift by b of P ⟶ P⟦a⟧. Composing
directly through P ⟶ P⟦a⟧ ⟶ P⟦a⟧⟦b⟧ instead gives (-1)^(a * b) times shiftAddHom P a b
(TauCeti.DGTwistedObject.shiftAddHom_eq_negOnePow_smul_dgComp), by the Koszul-sign naturality of
the comparison morphisms. This second description makes the associativity and unit coherences of
these isomorphisms a cancellation of comparison morphisms, the signs (-1)^((a + b) * c + a * b)
and (-1)^(a * (b + c) + b * c) agreeing.
In the same way the shifts commute up to the closed degree-zero isomorphism
TauCeti.DGTwistedObject.shiftCommHom P a b, the composite of comparison morphisms
P⟦a⟧⟦b⟧ ⟶ P⟦a⟧ ⟶ P ⟶ P⟦b⟧ ⟶ P⟦b⟧⟦a⟧. The shift by b of the comparison morphism P⟦a⟧ ⟶ P
is (-1)^(a * b) times this isomorphism followed by the comparison morphism P⟦b⟧⟦a⟧ ⟶ P⟦b⟧
(TauCeti.DGTwistedObject.dgMap_fromShift); this is the sign by which the shift of a cone differs
from the cone of the shifted morphism.
Shifts are the second ingredient, with extensions (see
TauCeti/CategoryTheory/DG/Twisted/Extension.lean), of the cone (Q ⊕ P⟦1⟧, δ) of a closed
degree-zero morphism u : P ⟶ Q of twisted objects, along the closed degree-one morphism
P⟦1⟧ ⟶ P ⟶ Q.
Main definitions #
TauCeti.DGTwistedObject.shiftFunctor: the DG functor shifting every summand of a twisted object byn.TauCeti.DGTwistedObject.toShiftandTauCeti.DGTwistedObject.fromShift: the comparison morphismsP ⟶ P⟦n⟧of degree-nandP⟦n⟧ ⟶ Pof degreen.TauCeti.DGTwistedObject.shiftAddHomandTauCeti.DGTwistedObject.shiftAddInv: the mutually inverse closed degree-zero morphismsP⟦a + b⟧ ⟶ P⟦a⟧⟦b⟧andP⟦a⟧⟦b⟧ ⟶ P⟦a + b⟧.TauCeti.DGTwistedObject.shiftCommHom: the closed degree-zero isomorphismP⟦a⟧⟦b⟧ ⟶ P⟦b⟧⟦a⟧.
Main results #
TauCeti.DGTwistedObject.dgHomEquiv_toShiftandTauCeti.DGTwistedObject.dgHomEquiv_fromShift: the comparison morphisms are those of the underlying objects of the additive closure.TauCeti.DGTwistedObject.dgHomEquiv_twist_shiftFunctor_objandTauCeti.DGTwistedObject.dgHomEquiv_dgMap_shiftFunctor: the shift does not change the matrix entries of the twist or of a morphism, as morphisms ofC.TauCeti.DGTwistedObject.dgDifferential_toShiftandTauCeti.DGTwistedObject.dgDifferential_fromShift: the comparison morphisms are closed.TauCeti.DGTwistedObject.dgComp_toShift_fromShiftandTauCeti.DGTwistedObject.dgComp_fromShift_toShift: they are mutually inverse (with_assocforms for reassociated composites).TauCeti.DGTwistedObject.dgComp_toShiftandTauCeti.DGTwistedObject.dgComp_fromShift: they are natural up to the Koszul sign, andTauCeti.DGTwistedObject.toShift_dgComp_dgMap_assocandTauCeti.DGTwistedObject.dgMap_dgComp_fromShift_assocare the sign-free forms for degree-zero morphisms.TauCeti.DGTwistedObject.dgComp_shiftAddHom_shiftAddInvandTauCeti.DGTwistedObject.dgComp_shiftAddInv_shiftAddHom: the comparisons of iterated shifts are inverse.TauCeti.DGTwistedObject.dgMap_dgComp_shiftAddHom:shiftAddHomis natural.TauCeti.DGTwistedObject.shiftAddHom_assoc,TauCeti.DGTwistedObject.shiftAddHom_zero_addandTauCeti.DGTwistedObject.shiftAddHom_add_zero: the associativity and unit coherences ofshiftAddHom.TauCeti.DGTwistedObject.dgComp_shiftCommHom_shiftCommHom:shiftCommHom P a bandshiftCommHom P b aare inverse, andTauCeti.DGTwistedObject.shiftCommHom_eq_dgComp_shiftAddInvexpressesshiftCommHomthrough the comparisons of iterated shifts.TauCeti.DGTwistedObject.dgMap_fromShift: the shift of a comparison morphism, andTauCeti.DGTwistedObject.dgMap_fromShift_selfits form for the shift by its own degree, whereTauCeti.DGTwistedObject.shiftCommHom_selfmakes the comparison of shifts the identity.
References #
- A. I. Bondal and M. M. Kapranov, Enhanced triangulated categories, Section 1.
- V. Drinfeld, DG quotients of DG categories, Section 2.4.
The shift functor #
The DG functor shifting the twisted objects of the additive closure of the shift closure by
n: it sends (⊕ᵢ Xᵢ[rᵢ], δ) to (⊕ᵢ Xᵢ[rᵢ + n], δ), the entries of the twisting matrix and of
every morphism being unchanged as morphisms of C.
Instances For
The shift does not change the entries of the twisting matrix, as morphisms of C.
The shift does not change the entries of a morphism, as morphisms of C.
The shift of an object of the additive closure with the zero twist is the shifted object with the zero twist.
The comparison morphisms of twisted objects #
The comparison morphism P ⟶ P⟦n⟧ of degree -n: the diagonal matrix whose entry at the
summand Xᵢ[rᵢ] is (-1)^(n * rᵢ) times the identity of Xᵢ.
Instances For
The comparison morphism P⟦n⟧ ⟶ P of degree n: the diagonal matrix whose entry at the
summand Xᵢ[rᵢ] is (-1)^(n * rᵢ) times the identity of Xᵢ.
Instances For
The matrix of P ⟶ P⟦n⟧ is the comparison morphism of the underlying objects.
The matrix of P⟦n⟧ ⟶ P is the inverse comparison morphism of the underlying objects.
The comparison morphisms are natural up to the Koszul sign: for f : P ⟶ Q of degree
p, f followed by Q ⟶ Q⟦n⟧ is (-1)^(n * p) times P ⟶ P⟦n⟧ followed by the shift of
f.
The inverse comparison morphisms are natural up to the Koszul sign: for f : P ⟶ Q of
degree p, the shift of f followed by Q⟦n⟧ ⟶ Q is (-1)^(n * p) times P⟦n⟧ ⟶ P followed
by f.
The comparison morphism P ⟶ P⟦n⟧ is closed for the twisted differential: by
naturality, δ ≫ σ = (-1)^n • σ ≫ δ⟦n⟧, which cancels the twisting terms of D σ.
The comparison morphisms P ⟶ P⟦n⟧ ⟶ P compose to the identity of P.
The comparison morphisms P⟦n⟧ ⟶ P ⟶ P⟦n⟧ compose to the identity of P⟦n⟧.
The comparison morphisms P ⟶ P⟦n⟧ ⟶ P followed by x compose to x.
The comparison morphisms P⟦n⟧ ⟶ P ⟶ P⟦n⟧ followed by x compose to x.
The comparison morphisms are natural in degree zero: for f : P ⟶ Q of degree zero,
P ⟶ P⟦n⟧ followed by the shift of f and x is f followed by Q ⟶ Q⟦n⟧ and x.
The inverse comparison morphisms are natural in degree zero: for f : P ⟶ Q of degree
zero, the shift of f followed by Q⟦n⟧ ⟶ Q and x is P⟦n⟧ ⟶ P followed by f and x.
The comparison morphism P⟦n⟧ ⟶ P is closed, as the inverse of a closed morphism.
Degree bookkeeping #
The coherences below compare composites of comparison morphisms whose degrees are integer
expressions such as -a + -b and a + -(a + b), which agree only propositionally. The general
rewriting rules TauCeti.dgComp_assoc_eq_castDeg, TauCeti.castDeg_dgComp_eq_castDeg,
TauCeti.dgComp_castDeg_eq_castDeg and TauCeti.dgId_dgComp_eq_castDeg, together with the
following rules for the comparison morphisms, bring such composites to a normal form: a degree
transport castDeg of a right-associated composite whose intermediate degrees are the sums of the
degrees of the factors. Two composites of the same factors then agree up to the outer degree
transport. The rules are applied with simp -proj, which keeps the shifted objects
(shiftFunctor R n).obj P folded so that the comparison lemmas about
TauCeti.DGTwistedObject.toShift and TauCeti.DGTwistedObject.fromShift keep matching.
The comparison of iterated shifts #
The comparison P⟦a + b⟧ ⟶ P⟦a⟧⟦b⟧, a closed degree-zero isomorphism: the comparison
morphisms P⟦a + b⟧ ⟶ P ⟶ P⟦b⟧ followed by the shift by b of the comparison morphism
P ⟶ P⟦a⟧.
Instances For
The comparison P⟦a⟧⟦b⟧ ⟶ P⟦a + b⟧, inverse to TauCeti.DGTwistedObject.shiftAddHom: the
shift by b of the comparison morphism P⟦a⟧ ⟶ P followed by the comparison morphisms
P⟦b⟧ ⟶ P ⟶ P⟦a + b⟧.
Instances For
The comparison P⟦a + b⟧ ⟶ P⟦a⟧⟦b⟧ is P⟦a + b⟧ ⟶ P ⟶ P⟦b⟧ followed by the shift of
P ⟶ P⟦a⟧.
The comparison P⟦a⟧⟦b⟧ ⟶ P⟦a + b⟧ is the shift of P⟦a⟧ ⟶ P followed by
P⟦b⟧ ⟶ P ⟶ P⟦a + b⟧.
Through P ⟶ P⟦a⟧ ⟶ P⟦a⟧⟦b⟧ instead, the comparison P⟦a + b⟧ ⟶ P⟦a⟧⟦b⟧ acquires the
Koszul sign (-1)^(a * b).
Through P⟦a⟧⟦b⟧ ⟶ P⟦a⟧ ⟶ P instead, the comparison P⟦a⟧⟦b⟧ ⟶ P⟦a + b⟧ acquires the
Koszul sign (-1)^(a * b).
The comparison P⟦a + b⟧ ⟶ P⟦a⟧⟦b⟧ is closed.
The comparison P⟦a⟧⟦b⟧ ⟶ P⟦a + b⟧ is closed.
The comparisons P⟦a + b⟧ ⟶ P⟦a⟧⟦b⟧ ⟶ P⟦a + b⟧ compose to the identity.
The comparisons P⟦a⟧⟦b⟧ ⟶ P⟦a + b⟧ ⟶ P⟦a⟧⟦b⟧ compose to the identity.
The comparison P⟦a + b⟧ ⟶ P⟦a⟧⟦b⟧ is natural in degree-zero morphisms f : P ⟶ Q.
Associativity of the comparisons: P⟦a + b + c⟧ ⟶ P⟦a + b⟧⟦c⟧ ⟶ P⟦a⟧⟦b⟧⟦c⟧ agrees with
P⟦a + b + c⟧ ⟶ P⟦a + (b + c)⟧ ⟶ P⟦a⟧⟦b + c⟧ ⟶ P⟦a⟧⟦b⟧⟦c⟧, whose first map is the comparison
P⟦a + b + c⟧ ⟶ P ⟶ P⟦a + (b + c)⟧.
Left unit law of the comparisons: P⟦0 + n⟧ ⟶ P⟦0⟧⟦n⟧ is the comparison
P⟦0 + n⟧ ⟶ P ⟶ P⟦n⟧ followed by the shift by n of P ⟶ P⟦0⟧.
Right unit law of the comparisons: P⟦n + 0⟧ ⟶ P⟦n⟧⟦0⟧ is the comparison
P⟦n + 0⟧ ⟶ P ⟶ P⟦n⟧ followed by P⟦n⟧ ⟶ P⟦n⟧⟦0⟧.
The commutation of shifts #
The comparison P⟦a⟧⟦b⟧ ⟶ P⟦b⟧⟦a⟧, a closed degree-zero isomorphism: the comparison
morphisms P⟦a⟧⟦b⟧ ⟶ P⟦a⟧ ⟶ P ⟶ P⟦b⟧ ⟶ P⟦b⟧⟦a⟧.
Instances For
The comparison P⟦a⟧⟦b⟧ ⟶ P⟦b⟧⟦a⟧ is P⟦a⟧⟦b⟧ ⟶ P⟦a⟧ ⟶ P ⟶ P⟦b⟧ ⟶ P⟦b⟧⟦a⟧.
The comparison P⟦a⟧⟦b⟧ ⟶ P⟦b⟧⟦a⟧ is closed.
The comparisons P⟦a⟧⟦b⟧ ⟶ P⟦b⟧⟦a⟧ ⟶ P⟦a⟧⟦b⟧ compose to the identity.
The comparisons P⟦a⟧⟦b⟧ ⟶ P⟦b⟧⟦a⟧ ⟶ P⟦a⟧⟦b⟧ followed by x are x.
A sign times the comparison P⟦a⟧⟦b⟧ ⟶ P⟦b⟧⟦a⟧, followed by the same sign times the
comparison P⟦b⟧⟦a⟧ ⟶ P⟦a⟧⟦b⟧ and then x, is x.
The comparison P⟦a⟧⟦b⟧ ⟶ P⟦b⟧⟦a⟧ is the comparison P⟦a⟧⟦b⟧ ⟶ P⟦a + b⟧, followed by the
comparison P⟦a + b⟧ ⟶ P ⟶ P⟦b + a⟧ and the comparison P⟦b + a⟧ ⟶ P⟦b⟧⟦a⟧.
The shift of a comparison morphism: the shift by b of the comparison morphism
P⟦a⟧ ⟶ P is (-1)^(a * b) times the comparison P⟦a⟧⟦b⟧ ⟶ P⟦b⟧⟦a⟧ followed by the
comparison morphism P⟦b⟧⟦a⟧ ⟶ P⟦b⟧.
The comparison P⟦a⟧⟦a⟧ ⟶ P⟦a⟧⟦a⟧ exchanging two equal shifts is the identity.
The shift of a comparison morphism by its own degree: the shift by a of the comparison
morphism P⟦a⟧ ⟶ P is (-1)^(a * a) times the comparison morphism P⟦a⟧⟦a⟧ ⟶ P⟦a⟧.