Smooth ambient isotopies #
A Diffeotopy J n M is a C^n motion of a real manifold M through
self-diffeomorphisms, starting at the identity. It is bundled by its level-preserving total
diffeomorphism of I × M: this makes invertibility in the time and space variables part of the
data and ensures that no unrelated choices of inverse maps are carried by the structure.
The time interval is Mathlib's unitInterval, with its manifold-with-boundary structure modelled
on 𝓡∂ 1. The total diffeomorphism is required to preserve the time coordinate. Its slice at
each t : I is therefore a self-diffeomorphism of M; Diffeotopy.timeSlice packages that fact.
Diffeotopies coerce to their spatial component, so Φ (t, x) is the point of M reached from
x at time t.
Diffeotopies compose and invert, and forgetting smoothness gives the existing
TauCeti.AmbientIsotopy.
This supplies the smooth ambient-isotopy half of the geometric-topology roadmap's requirement
that isotopy notions be defined generally before they are specialized to knots. The non-ambient
smooth isotopy of arbitrary maps is separate and is not defined here. The specialization to
bundled smooth embeddings, used for geometric knot presentations, is in
TauCeti.Geometry.Manifold.SmoothEmbedding.SmoothAmbientIsotopy.Basic.
Main definitions #
TauCeti.Diffeotopy: a level-preserving diffeomorphism ofI × Mstarting at the identity.TauCeti.Diffeotopy.timeSlice: the self-diffeomorphism ofMat a fixed time.TauCeti.Diffeotopy.final: the self-diffeomorphism at time one.TauCeti.Diffeotopy.refl,trans, andsymm: the constant, composite, and inverse diffeotopies.TauCeti.Diffeotopy.toAmbientIsotopy: forget smoothness to obtain a continuous ambient isotopy.
Main results #
TauCeti.Diffeotopy.timeSlice_transandtimeSlice_symm: time slices commute with composition and inversion.TauCeti.Diffeotopy.final_transandfinal_symm: the corresponding calculus for final diffeomorphisms.TauCeti.Diffeotopy.toAmbientIsotopy_final_apply: forgetting smoothness preserves the final action.
References #
- G. Burde and H. Zieschang, Knots, 2nd ed., de Gruyter (2003), Chapter 1, for ambient isotopy of knots.
- M. Hirsch, Differential Topology, Springer GTM 33 (1976), Chapter 8, §8.1, for smooth isotopies and diffeotopies.
A C^n diffeotopy of a real manifold M: a level-preserving diffeomorphism of
I × M which is the identity at time zero.
Bundling the level-preserving total map as a Diffeomorph makes every time slice invertible and
makes its inverse canonical.
- toDiffeomorph : Diffeomorph ((modelWithCornersEuclideanHalfSpace 1).prod J) ((modelWithCornersEuclideanHalfSpace 1).prod J) (↑unitInterval × M) (↑unitInterval × M) n
The level-preserving total diffeomorphism of
I × M. The total diffeomorphism preserves the time coordinate.
The motion starts at the identity.
Instances For
Apply a diffeotopy as Φ (t, x): the spatial component of the total diffeomorphism.
Equations
- TauCeti.Diffeotopy.instCoeFun = { coe := fun (Φ : TauCeti.Diffeotopy J n M) (p : ↑unitInterval × M) => (Φ.toDiffeomorph p).2 }
Ambient coordinate changes #
Transport a diffeotopy across an ambient diffeomorphism by conjugation.
Equations
- One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.
Instances For
Applying a diffeotopy returns the spatial component of its total diffeomorphism.
The total diffeomorphism of a diffeotopy sends (t, x) to (t, Φ (t, x)).
A diffeotopy starts at the identity.
A diffeotopy is a C^n map of time and space into the ambient manifold.
The inverse total diffeomorphism also preserves the time coordinate.
The inverse total diffeomorphism sends p to its time coordinate paired with its spatial
component.
The time-t slice of a diffeotopy, bundled as a self-diffeomorphism of M.
Equations
- One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.
Instances For
Evaluating the time-t diffeomorphism is evaluating the diffeotopy at (t, x).
The time-zero slice of a diffeotopy is the identity diffeomorphism.
The time-1 self-diffeomorphism of a diffeotopy.
Instances For
The final diffeomorphism is the time-one slice.
The final diffeomorphism acts by the time-one slice.
The constant diffeotopy at the identity.
Equations
- TauCeti.Diffeotopy.refl J n M = { toDiffeomorph := Diffeomorph.refl ((modelWithCornersEuclideanHalfSpace 1).prod J) (↑unitInterval × M) n, fst_apply := ⋯, snd_apply_zero' := ⋯ }
Instances For
The constant diffeotopy fixes every point at every time.
The time slice of the constant diffeotopy is the identity.
The final diffeomorphism of the constant diffeotopy is the identity.
Compose two diffeotopies pointwise, first Φ and then Ψ.
Equations
- Φ.trans Ψ = { toDiffeomorph := Φ.toDiffeomorph.trans Ψ.toDiffeomorph, fst_apply := ⋯, snd_apply_zero' := ⋯ }
Instances For
Evaluating a composite diffeotopy applies Φ and then Ψ at the same time.
The time slice of a composite diffeotopy is the composite of its time slices.
The final diffeomorphism of a composite diffeotopy is the composite of the final diffeomorphisms.
Reverse a diffeotopy by taking the inverse of its level-preserving total diffeomorphism.
Instances For
Evaluating the inverse diffeotopy uses the spatial component of the inverse total diffeomorphism.
The inverse of the time-t slice acts by the inverse diffeotopy at time t.
The time slice of the inverse diffeotopy is the inverse time slice.
A diffeotopy followed by its inverse fixes every point.
The inverse diffeotopy followed by the original fixes every point.
The final diffeomorphism of the inverse diffeotopy is the inverse final diffeomorphism.
Forgetting smoothness turns a diffeotopy into a continuous ambient isotopy.
Equations
- Φ.toAmbientIsotopy = { toFun := fun (p : ↑unitInterval × M) => (Φ.toDiffeomorph p).2, continuous_toFun := ⋯, isHomeomorph_total' := ⋯, map_zero_left' := ⋯ }
Instances For
Forgetting smoothness does not change the ambient motion.
Forgetting smoothness commutes with taking the final map.
Forgetting smoothness commutes with composition of diffeotopies.
Forgetting smoothness commutes with inversion of diffeotopies.
Two diffeotopies are equal when their ambient motions agree pointwise.
The constant diffeotopy is a left identity for composition.
The constant diffeotopy is a right identity for composition.
Composition of diffeotopies is associative.
Inverting a diffeotopy twice recovers the original diffeotopy.
A diffeotopy followed by its inverse is the constant diffeotopy.
A diffeotopy inverse followed by the original is the constant diffeotopy.