Documentation

TauCeti.Geometry.Manifold.SmoothEmbedding.Concordance

Smooth concordance of smooth embeddings #

This file defines a globally collared smooth concordance between two smooth embeddings f g : M → N. To avoid manifolds with boundary, a concordance is a C^n embedding F : M × ℝ → N × ℝ which is a collared track from f to g (TauCeti.IsCollaredTrack): the product f × id and g × id on uniform positive-width neighborhoods of the initial and final ends, mapping M × (0, 1) into N × (0, 1).

Its restriction to M × [0, 1] is an ordinary smooth concordance which is a product near both ends. The uniform collar widths are part of the data here, so this is stronger than merely requiring an ordinary smooth concordance; no converse is asserted for noncompact M. The product ends make globally collared concordances stack smoothly. For knots, M is the circle and the track is an annulus in N × [0, 1]; this is the relation underlying the knot concordance group.

The relation is defined here for arbitrary smooth embeddings, in line with defining isotopy once for general maps; smooth knot concordance is the case of TauCeti.SmoothCircleEmbedding, whose source is the circle.

Main definitions #

Main results #

Implementation notes #

Everything about a concordance that does not depend on the smoothness of its track — the time-level lemmas, the reversed track TauCeti.reverseTime and the stacked track TauCeti.stack with its embedding property — is inherited from TauCeti.IsCollaredTrack; this file only supplies the smoothness of the reversed and stacked tracks. Stacking two concordances glues two immersions along an open cover. Mathlib's Manifold.IsImmersion requires a single complement for all points, so the glued map is shown to be an immersion with TauCeti.isImmersion_iff_forall_isImmersionAt, which needs the model of N to be finite-dimensional. The same criterion for the isotopy track requires that assumption in ofSmoothIsotopy as well as trans and statements depending on them.

The traces of diffeotopies and smooth isotopies are reparametrized by Real.smoothTransition, which is C^∞ but not analytic; ofDiffeotopy, ofSourceDiffeotopy, ofDiffeotopies and ofSmoothIsotopy therefore assume n ≤ ∞.

References #

structure TauCeti.SmoothEmbedding.Concordance {E : Type u_1} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace ℝ E] {E' : Type u_2} [NormedAddCommGroup E'] [NormedSpace ℝ E'] {H : Type u_3} [TopologicalSpace H] {H' : Type u_4} [TopologicalSpace H'] {I : ModelWithCorners ℝ E H} {J : ModelWithCorners ℝ E' H'} {M : Type u_5} [TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace H M] {N : Type u_6} [TopologicalSpace N] [ChartedSpace H' N] {n : WithTop ℕ∞} (f g : SmoothEmbedding I J n M N) :
Type (max u_5 u_6)

A C^n concordance from the smooth embedding f to the smooth embedding g, in collared form: a C^n embedding of M × ℝ into N × ℝ which is f × id and g × id on neighborhoods of the initial and final ends, and maps M × (0, 1) into N × (0, 1).

Instances For
    def TauCeti.SmoothEmbedding.Concordant {E : Type u_1} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace ℝ E] {E' : Type u_2} [NormedAddCommGroup E'] [NormedSpace ℝ E'] {H : Type u_3} [TopologicalSpace H] {H' : Type u_4} [TopologicalSpace H'] {I : ModelWithCorners ℝ E H} {J : ModelWithCorners ℝ E' H'} {M : Type u_5} [TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace H M] {N : Type u_6} [TopologicalSpace N] [ChartedSpace H' N] {n : WithTop ℕ∞} (f g : SmoothEmbedding I J n M N) :

    Two smooth embeddings are concordant when there is a concordance from one to the other.

    Instances For

      Two smooth embeddings are concordant exactly when their concordance type is nonempty.

      Affine changes of time #

      The conjugate TauCeti.conjTime T a b of a smooth embedding T of M × ℝ into N × ℝ by the affine change of time t ↦ a * t + b, a ≠ 0, as a smooth embedding.

      Instances For
        @[simp]
        theorem TauCeti.SmoothEmbedding.coe_conjTime {E : Type u_1} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace ℝ E] {E' : Type u_2} [NormedAddCommGroup E'] [NormedSpace ℝ E'] {H : Type u_3} [TopologicalSpace H] {H' : Type u_4} [TopologicalSpace H'] {I : ModelWithCorners ℝ E H} {J : ModelWithCorners ℝ E' H'} {M : Type u_5} [TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace H M] {N : Type u_6} [TopologicalSpace N] [ChartedSpace H' N] {n : WithTop ℕ∞} [IsManifold I n M] [IsManifold J n N] (T : SmoothEmbedding (I.prod (modelWithCornersSelf ℝ ℝ)) (J.prod (modelWithCornersSelf ℝ ℝ)) n (M × ℝ) (N × ℝ)) (a b : ℝ) (ha : a ≠ 0) :
        ⇑(T.conjTime a b ha) = TauCeti.conjTime (⇑T) a b

        The underlying map of the conjugate smooth embedding is the conjugate map.

        @[instance_reducible]
        noncomputable instance TauCeti.SmoothEmbedding.Concordance.instFunLike {E : Type u_1} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace ℝ E] {E' : Type u_2} [NormedAddCommGroup E'] [NormedSpace ℝ E'] {H : Type u_3} [TopologicalSpace H] {H' : Type u_4} [TopologicalSpace H'] {I : ModelWithCorners ℝ E H} {J : ModelWithCorners ℝ E' H'} {M : Type u_5} [TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace H M] {N : Type u_6} [TopologicalSpace N] [ChartedSpace H' N] {n : WithTop ℕ∞} {f g : SmoothEmbedding I J n M N} :
        FunLike (f.Concordance g) (M × ℝ) (N × ℝ)
        @[simp]

        The underlying map of a concordance is that of its track.

        theorem TauCeti.SmoothEmbedding.Concordance.ext {E : Type u_1} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace ℝ E] {E' : Type u_2} [NormedAddCommGroup E'] [NormedSpace ℝ E'] {H : Type u_3} [TopologicalSpace H] {H' : Type u_4} [TopologicalSpace H'] {I : ModelWithCorners ℝ E H} {J : ModelWithCorners ℝ E' H'} {M : Type u_5} [TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace H M] {N : Type u_6} [TopologicalSpace N] [ChartedSpace H' N] {n : WithTop ℕ∞} {f g : SmoothEmbedding I J n M N} {F G : f.Concordance g} (hFG : ∀ (p : M × ℝ), F p = G p) :
        F = G

        Two concordances with the same track are equal.

        theorem TauCeti.SmoothEmbedding.Concordance.ext_iff {E : Type u_1} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace ℝ E] {E' : Type u_2} [NormedAddCommGroup E'] [NormedSpace ℝ E'] {H : Type u_3} [TopologicalSpace H] {H' : Type u_4} [TopologicalSpace H'] {I : ModelWithCorners ℝ E H} {J : ModelWithCorners ℝ E' H'} {M : Type u_5} [TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace H M] {N : Type u_6} [TopologicalSpace N] [ChartedSpace H' N] {n : WithTop ℕ∞} {f g : SmoothEmbedding I J n M N} {F G : f.Concordance g} :
        F = G ↔ ∀ (p : M × ℝ), F p = G p
        theorem TauCeti.SmoothEmbedding.Concordance.isCollaredTrack {E : Type u_1} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace ℝ E] {E' : Type u_2} [NormedAddCommGroup E'] [NormedSpace ℝ E'] {H : Type u_3} [TopologicalSpace H] {H' : Type u_4} [TopologicalSpace H'] {I : ModelWithCorners ℝ E H} {J : ModelWithCorners ℝ E' H'} {M : Type u_5} [TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace H M] {N : Type u_6} [TopologicalSpace N] [ChartedSpace H' N] {n : WithTop ℕ∞} {f g : SmoothEmbedding I J n M N} (F : f.Concordance g) :
        IsCollaredTrack ⇑f ⇑g ⇑F

        The track of a concordance is a collared track from f to g.

        @[simp]
        theorem TauCeti.SmoothEmbedding.Concordance.apply_zero {E : Type u_1} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace ℝ E] {E' : Type u_2} [NormedAddCommGroup E'] [NormedSpace ℝ E'] {H : Type u_3} [TopologicalSpace H] {H' : Type u_4} [TopologicalSpace H'] {I : ModelWithCorners ℝ E H} {J : ModelWithCorners ℝ E' H'} {M : Type u_5} [TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace H M] {N : Type u_6} [TopologicalSpace N] [ChartedSpace H' N] {n : WithTop ℕ∞} {f g : SmoothEmbedding I J n M N} (F : f.Concordance g) (x : M) :
        F (x, 0) = (f x, 0)

        At time 0 a concordance is its initial embedding.

        @[simp]
        theorem TauCeti.SmoothEmbedding.Concordance.apply_one {E : Type u_1} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace ℝ E] {E' : Type u_2} [NormedAddCommGroup E'] [NormedSpace ℝ E'] {H : Type u_3} [TopologicalSpace H] {H' : Type u_4} [TopologicalSpace H'] {I : ModelWithCorners ℝ E H} {J : ModelWithCorners ℝ E' H'} {M : Type u_5} [TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace H M] {N : Type u_6} [TopologicalSpace N] [ChartedSpace H' N] {n : WithTop ℕ∞} {f g : SmoothEmbedding I J n M N} (F : f.Concordance g) (x : M) :
        F (x, 1) = (g x, 1)

        At time 1 a concordance is its final embedding.

        Diffeomorphisms #

        noncomputable def TauCeti.SmoothEmbedding.Concordance.transDiffeomorph {E : Type u_1} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace ℝ E] {E' : Type u_2} [NormedAddCommGroup E'] [NormedSpace ℝ E'] {H : Type u_3} [TopologicalSpace H] {H' : Type u_4} [TopologicalSpace H'] {I : ModelWithCorners ℝ E H} {J : ModelWithCorners ℝ E' H'} {M : Type u_5} [TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace H M] {N : Type u_6} [TopologicalSpace N] [ChartedSpace H' N] {n : WithTop ℕ∞} {f g : SmoothEmbedding I J n M N} {P : Type u_8} [TopologicalSpace P] [ChartedSpace H' P] [IsManifold J n P] (F : f.Concordance g) (e : Diffeomorph J J N P n) :

        An ambient diffeomorphism carries a concordance from f to g to one between the transported embeddings.

        Instances For
          @[simp]
          theorem TauCeti.SmoothEmbedding.Concordance.transDiffeomorph_apply {E : Type u_1} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace ℝ E] {E' : Type u_2} [NormedAddCommGroup E'] [NormedSpace ℝ E'] {H : Type u_3} [TopologicalSpace H] {H' : Type u_4} [TopologicalSpace H'] {I : ModelWithCorners ℝ E H} {J : ModelWithCorners ℝ E' H'} {M : Type u_5} [TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace H M] {N : Type u_6} [TopologicalSpace N] [ChartedSpace H' N] {n : WithTop ℕ∞} {f g : SmoothEmbedding I J n M N} {P : Type u_8} [TopologicalSpace P] [ChartedSpace H' P] [IsManifold J n P] (F : f.Concordance g) (e : Diffeomorph J J N P n) (p : M × ℝ) :
          (F.transDiffeomorph e) p = (e (F p).1, (F p).2)
          noncomputable def TauCeti.SmoothEmbedding.Concordance.compDiffeomorph {E : Type u_1} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace ℝ E] {E' : Type u_2} [NormedAddCommGroup E'] [NormedSpace ℝ E'] {H : Type u_3} [TopologicalSpace H] {H' : Type u_4} [TopologicalSpace H'] {I : ModelWithCorners ℝ E H} {J : ModelWithCorners ℝ E' H'} {M : Type u_5} [TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace H M] {N : Type u_6} [TopologicalSpace N] [ChartedSpace H' N] {n : WithTop ℕ∞} {f g : SmoothEmbedding I J n M N} {M' : Type u_7} [TopologicalSpace M'] [ChartedSpace H M'] [IsManifold I n M'] (F : f.Concordance g) (e : Diffeomorph I I M' M n) :

          A diffeomorphism of the source reparametrizes a concordance from f to g into one between the reparametrized embeddings.

          Instances For
            @[simp]
            theorem TauCeti.SmoothEmbedding.Concordance.compDiffeomorph_apply {E : Type u_1} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace ℝ E] {E' : Type u_2} [NormedAddCommGroup E'] [NormedSpace ℝ E'] {H : Type u_3} [TopologicalSpace H] {H' : Type u_4} [TopologicalSpace H'] {I : ModelWithCorners ℝ E H} {J : ModelWithCorners ℝ E' H'} {M : Type u_5} [TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace H M] {N : Type u_6} [TopologicalSpace N] [ChartedSpace H' N] {n : WithTop ℕ∞} {f g : SmoothEmbedding I J n M N} {M' : Type u_7} [TopologicalSpace M'] [ChartedSpace H M'] [IsManifold I n M'] (F : f.Concordance g) (e : Diffeomorph I I M' M n) (p : M' × ℝ) :
            (F.compDiffeomorph e) p = F (e p.1, p.2)

            The constant and the reversed concordance #

            noncomputable def TauCeti.SmoothEmbedding.Concordance.refl {E : Type u_1} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace ℝ E] {E' : Type u_2} [NormedAddCommGroup E'] [NormedSpace ℝ E'] {H : Type u_3} [TopologicalSpace H] {H' : Type u_4} [TopologicalSpace H'] {I : ModelWithCorners ℝ E H} {J : ModelWithCorners ℝ E' H'} {M : Type u_5} [TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace H M] {N : Type u_6} [TopologicalSpace N] [ChartedSpace H' N] {n : WithTop ℕ∞} [IsManifold I n M] [IsManifold J n N] (f : SmoothEmbedding I J n M N) :

            The constant concordance from f to itself, whose track is f × id.

            Instances For
              @[simp]
              theorem TauCeti.SmoothEmbedding.Concordance.refl_apply {E : Type u_1} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace ℝ E] {E' : Type u_2} [NormedAddCommGroup E'] [NormedSpace ℝ E'] {H : Type u_3} [TopologicalSpace H] {H' : Type u_4} [TopologicalSpace H'] {I : ModelWithCorners ℝ E H} {J : ModelWithCorners ℝ E' H'} {M : Type u_5} [TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace H M] {N : Type u_6} [TopologicalSpace N] [ChartedSpace H' N] {n : WithTop ℕ∞} [IsManifold I n M] [IsManifold J n N] (f : SmoothEmbedding I J n M N) (p : M × ℝ) :
              (refl f) p = (f p.1, p.2)
              noncomputable def TauCeti.SmoothEmbedding.Concordance.symm {E : Type u_1} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace ℝ E] {E' : Type u_2} [NormedAddCommGroup E'] [NormedSpace ℝ E'] {H : Type u_3} [TopologicalSpace H] {H' : Type u_4} [TopologicalSpace H'] {I : ModelWithCorners ℝ E H} {J : ModelWithCorners ℝ E' H'} {M : Type u_5} [TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace H M] {N : Type u_6} [TopologicalSpace N] [ChartedSpace H' N] {n : WithTop ℕ∞} {f g : SmoothEmbedding I J n M N} [IsManifold I n M] [IsManifold J n N] (F : f.Concordance g) :

              The reversed concordance from g to f, obtained by reflecting time in 1 / 2.

              Instances For
                theorem TauCeti.SmoothEmbedding.Concordance.coe_symm {E : Type u_1} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace ℝ E] {E' : Type u_2} [NormedAddCommGroup E'] [NormedSpace ℝ E'] {H : Type u_3} [TopologicalSpace H] {H' : Type u_4} [TopologicalSpace H'] {I : ModelWithCorners ℝ E H} {J : ModelWithCorners ℝ E' H'} {M : Type u_5} [TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace H M] {N : Type u_6} [TopologicalSpace N] [ChartedSpace H' N] {n : WithTop ℕ∞} {f g : SmoothEmbedding I J n M N} [IsManifold I n M] [IsManifold J n N] (F : f.Concordance g) :
                ⇑F.symm = reverseTime ⇑F

                The track of the reversed concordance is the reversed track.

                @[simp]
                theorem TauCeti.SmoothEmbedding.Concordance.symm_apply {E : Type u_1} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace ℝ E] {E' : Type u_2} [NormedAddCommGroup E'] [NormedSpace ℝ E'] {H : Type u_3} [TopologicalSpace H] {H' : Type u_4} [TopologicalSpace H'] {I : ModelWithCorners ℝ E H} {J : ModelWithCorners ℝ E' H'} {M : Type u_5} [TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace H M] {N : Type u_6} [TopologicalSpace N] [ChartedSpace H' N] {n : WithTop ℕ∞} {f g : SmoothEmbedding I J n M N} [IsManifold I n M] [IsManifold J n N] (F : f.Concordance g) (x : M) (t : ℝ) :
                F.symm (x, t) = ((F (x, 1 - t)).1, 1 - (F (x, 1 - t)).2)
                @[simp]
                theorem TauCeti.SmoothEmbedding.Concordance.symm_symm {E : Type u_1} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace ℝ E] {E' : Type u_2} [NormedAddCommGroup E'] [NormedSpace ℝ E'] {H : Type u_3} [TopologicalSpace H] {H' : Type u_4} [TopologicalSpace H'] {I : ModelWithCorners ℝ E H} {J : ModelWithCorners ℝ E' H'} {M : Type u_5} [TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace H M] {N : Type u_6} [TopologicalSpace N] [ChartedSpace H' N] {n : WithTop ℕ∞} {f g : SmoothEmbedding I J n M N} [IsManifold I n M] [IsManifold J n N] (F : f.Concordance g) :
                F.symm.symm = F

                Reversing a concordance twice gives it back.

                Stacking concordances #

                noncomputable def TauCeti.SmoothEmbedding.Concordance.trans {E : Type u_1} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace ℝ E] {E' : Type u_2} [NormedAddCommGroup E'] [NormedSpace ℝ E'] {H : Type u_3} [TopologicalSpace H] {H' : Type u_4} [TopologicalSpace H'] {I : ModelWithCorners ℝ E H} {J : ModelWithCorners ℝ E' H'} {M : Type u_5} [TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace H M] {N : Type u_6} [TopologicalSpace N] [ChartedSpace H' N] {n : WithTop ℕ∞} {f g h : SmoothEmbedding I J n M N} [IsManifold I n M] [IsManifold J n N] [FiniteDimensional ℝ E'] (F : f.Concordance g) (G : g.Concordance h) :

                The stacked concordance from f to h: the concordance F from f to g at triple speed during [0, 1/3], then the constant concordance at g, then the concordance G from g to h at triple speed during [2/3, 1].

                Instances For
                  theorem TauCeti.SmoothEmbedding.Concordance.coe_trans {E : Type u_1} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace ℝ E] {E' : Type u_2} [NormedAddCommGroup E'] [NormedSpace ℝ E'] {H : Type u_3} [TopologicalSpace H] {H' : Type u_4} [TopologicalSpace H'] {I : ModelWithCorners ℝ E H} {J : ModelWithCorners ℝ E' H'} {M : Type u_5} [TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace H M] {N : Type u_6} [TopologicalSpace N] [ChartedSpace H' N] {n : WithTop ℕ∞} {f g h : SmoothEmbedding I J n M N} [IsManifold I n M] [IsManifold J n N] [FiniteDimensional ℝ E'] (F : f.Concordance g) (G : g.Concordance h) :
                  ⇑(F.trans G) = stack ⇑F ⇑G

                  The track of the stacked concordance is the stacked track.

                  theorem TauCeti.SmoothEmbedding.Concordance.trans_apply_of_le {E : Type u_1} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace ℝ E] {E' : Type u_2} [NormedAddCommGroup E'] [NormedSpace ℝ E'] {H : Type u_3} [TopologicalSpace H] {H' : Type u_4} [TopologicalSpace H'] {I : ModelWithCorners ℝ E H} {J : ModelWithCorners ℝ E' H'} {M : Type u_5} [TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace H M] {N : Type u_6} [TopologicalSpace N] [ChartedSpace H' N] {n : WithTop ℕ∞} {f g h : SmoothEmbedding I J n M N} [IsManifold I n M] [IsManifold J n N] [FiniteDimensional ℝ E'] (F : f.Concordance g) (G : g.Concordance h) (x : M) {t : ℝ} (ht : t ≤ 1 / 2) :
                  (F.trans G) (x, t) = ((F (x, 3 * t)).1, (F (x, 3 * t)).2 / 3)

                  Before time 1 / 2 the stacked concordance runs the first concordance at triple speed.

                  theorem TauCeti.SmoothEmbedding.Concordance.trans_apply_of_lt {E : Type u_1} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace ℝ E] {E' : Type u_2} [NormedAddCommGroup E'] [NormedSpace ℝ E'] {H : Type u_3} [TopologicalSpace H] {H' : Type u_4} [TopologicalSpace H'] {I : ModelWithCorners ℝ E H} {J : ModelWithCorners ℝ E' H'} {M : Type u_5} [TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace H M] {N : Type u_6} [TopologicalSpace N] [ChartedSpace H' N] {n : WithTop ℕ∞} {f g h : SmoothEmbedding I J n M N} [IsManifold I n M] [IsManifold J n N] [FiniteDimensional ℝ E'] (F : f.Concordance g) (G : g.Concordance h) (x : M) {t : ℝ} (ht : 1 / 2 < t) :
                  (F.trans G) (x, t) = ((G (x, 3 * t - 2)).1, ((G (x, 3 * t - 2)).2 + 2) / 3)

                  After time 1 / 2 the stacked concordance runs the second concordance at triple speed.

                  Diffeotopies #

                  The time reparametrization t ↦ Real.smoothTransition (2 * t - 1 / 2) of the traces of diffeotopies, as a map into the unit interval: a smooth transition from 0 to 1 which is constant on neighborhoods of both ends of the unit interval.

                  Instances For
                    @[simp]

                    The collared smooth transition at t is Real.smoothTransition (2 * t - 1 / 2).

                    The collared smooth transition is 0 up to time 1 / 4.

                    The collared smooth transition is 1 from time 3 / 4 on.

                    noncomputable def TauCeti.SmoothEmbedding.Concordance.ofDiffeotopy {E : Type u_1} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace ℝ E] {E' : Type u_2} [NormedAddCommGroup E'] [NormedSpace ℝ E'] {H : Type u_3} [TopologicalSpace H] {H' : Type u_4} [TopologicalSpace H'] {I : ModelWithCorners ℝ E H} {J : ModelWithCorners ℝ E' H'} {M : Type u_5} [TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace H M] {N : Type u_6} [TopologicalSpace N] [ChartedSpace H' N] {n : WithTop ℕ∞} [IsManifold I n M] [IsManifold J n N] (hn : n ≤ ↑⊤) (Φ : Diffeotopy J n N) (f : SmoothEmbedding I J n M N) :

                    The trace of a diffeotopy Φ of N: the concordance (x, t) ↦ (Φ (ρ t, f x), t) from f to its image under the final diffeomorphism of Φ, where ρ(t) = Real.smoothTransition (2 * t - 1 / 2).

                    Instances For
                      @[simp]
                      theorem TauCeti.SmoothEmbedding.Concordance.ofDiffeotopy_apply {E : Type u_1} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace ℝ E] {E' : Type u_2} [NormedAddCommGroup E'] [NormedSpace ℝ E'] {H : Type u_3} [TopologicalSpace H] {H' : Type u_4} [TopologicalSpace H'] {I : ModelWithCorners ℝ E H} {J : ModelWithCorners ℝ E' H'} {M : Type u_5} [TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace H M] {N : Type u_6} [TopologicalSpace N] [ChartedSpace H' N] {n : WithTop ℕ∞} [IsManifold I n M] [IsManifold J n N] (hn : n ≤ ↑⊤) (Φ : Diffeotopy J n N) (f : SmoothEmbedding I J n M N) (p : M × ℝ) :
                      (ofDiffeotopy hn Φ f) p = ((fun (p : ↑unitInterval × N) => (Φ.toDiffeomorph p).2) (collaredSmoothTransitionUnit p.2, f p.1), p.2)

                      The collared trace of a smooth isotopy of a compact boundaryless source is a concordance. The time coordinate is retained, so intersections between different time slices cause no problem. The target is finite-dimensional, Hausdorff and boundaryless.

                      Instances For
                        @[simp]

                        The trace evaluates the isotopy at a smooth time transition constant near both ends.

                        noncomputable def TauCeti.SmoothEmbedding.Concordance.ofSourceDiffeotopy {E : Type u_1} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace ℝ E] {E' : Type u_2} [NormedAddCommGroup E'] [NormedSpace ℝ E'] {H : Type u_3} [TopologicalSpace H] {H' : Type u_4} [TopologicalSpace H'] {I : ModelWithCorners ℝ E H} {J : ModelWithCorners ℝ E' H'} {M : Type u_5} [TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace H M] {N : Type u_6} [TopologicalSpace N] [ChartedSpace H' N] {n : WithTop ℕ∞} [IsManifold I n M] [IsManifold J n N] (hn : n ≤ ↑⊤) (Ψ : Diffeotopy I n M) (f : SmoothEmbedding I J n M N) :

                        The trace of a source diffeotopy Ψ of M: the concordance (x, t) ↦ (f (Ψ (ρ t, x)), t) from f to its reparametrization by the final diffeomorphism of Ψ, where ρ(t) = Real.smoothTransition (2 * t - 1 / 2).

                        Instances For
                          @[simp]
                          theorem TauCeti.SmoothEmbedding.Concordance.ofSourceDiffeotopy_apply {E : Type u_1} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace ℝ E] {E' : Type u_2} [NormedAddCommGroup E'] [NormedSpace ℝ E'] {H : Type u_3} [TopologicalSpace H] {H' : Type u_4} [TopologicalSpace H'] {I : ModelWithCorners ℝ E H} {J : ModelWithCorners ℝ E' H'} {M : Type u_5} [TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace H M] {N : Type u_6} [TopologicalSpace N] [ChartedSpace H' N] {n : WithTop ℕ∞} [IsManifold I n M] [IsManifold J n N] (hn : n ≤ ↑⊤) (Ψ : Diffeotopy I n M) (f : SmoothEmbedding I J n M N) (p : M × ℝ) :
                          (ofSourceDiffeotopy hn Ψ f) p = (f ((fun (p : ↑unitInterval × M) => (Ψ.toDiffeomorph p).2) (collaredSmoothTransitionUnit p.2, p.1)), p.2)

                          The trace of a source diffeotopy at (x, t) is f applied to the motion of x at the reparametrized time Real.smoothTransition (2 * t - 1 / 2).

                          noncomputable def TauCeti.SmoothEmbedding.Concordance.ofDiffeotopies {E : Type u_1} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace ℝ E] {E' : Type u_2} [NormedAddCommGroup E'] [NormedSpace ℝ E'] {H : Type u_3} [TopologicalSpace H] {H' : Type u_4} [TopologicalSpace H'] {I : ModelWithCorners ℝ E H} {J : ModelWithCorners ℝ E' H'} {M : Type u_5} [TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace H M] {N : Type u_6} [TopologicalSpace N] [ChartedSpace H' N] {n : WithTop ℕ∞} [IsManifold I n M] [IsManifold J n N] (hn : n ≤ ↑⊤) (Φ : Diffeotopy J n N) (Ψ : Diffeotopy I n M) (f : SmoothEmbedding I J n M N) :

                          The trace of an ambient and a source diffeotopy run together: for diffeotopies Φ of N and Ψ of M, the concordance (x, t) ↦ (Φ (ρ t, f (Ψ (ρ t, x))), t) from f to Φ.final ∘ f ∘ Ψ.final, where ρ(t) = Real.smoothTransition (2 * t - 1 / 2). Unlike the stacked traces of Φ and of Ψ, every time slice is Φₛ ∘ f ∘ Ψₛ for a single time s, so a property of f preserved by all such conjugations holds along the whole concordance.

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                            @[simp]
                            theorem TauCeti.SmoothEmbedding.Concordance.ofDiffeotopies_apply {E : Type u_1} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace ℝ E] {E' : Type u_2} [NormedAddCommGroup E'] [NormedSpace ℝ E'] {H : Type u_3} [TopologicalSpace H] {H' : Type u_4} [TopologicalSpace H'] {I : ModelWithCorners ℝ E H} {J : ModelWithCorners ℝ E' H'} {M : Type u_5} [TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace H M] {N : Type u_6} [TopologicalSpace N] [ChartedSpace H' N] {n : WithTop ℕ∞} [IsManifold I n M] [IsManifold J n N] (hn : n ≤ ↑⊤) (Φ : Diffeotopy J n N) (Ψ : Diffeotopy I n M) (f : SmoothEmbedding I J n M N) (p : M × ℝ) :
                            (ofDiffeotopies hn Φ Ψ f) p = ((fun (p : ↑unitInterval × N) => (Φ.toDiffeomorph p).2) (collaredSmoothTransitionUnit p.2, f ((fun (p : ↑unitInterval × M) => (Ψ.toDiffeomorph p).2) (collaredSmoothTransitionUnit p.2, p.1))), p.2)

                            The joint trace of an ambient and a source diffeotopy at (x, t) applies Ψ, then f, then Φ, all at the reparametrized time collaredSmoothTransitionUnit t.

                            The concordance relation #

                            A concordance witnesses concordance.

                            Smoothly isotopic embeddings of a compact boundaryless source into a finite-dimensional Hausdorff boundaryless target are concordant.

                            theorem TauCeti.SmoothEmbedding.Concordant.transDiffeomorph {E : Type u_1} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace ℝ E] {E' : Type u_2} [NormedAddCommGroup E'] [NormedSpace ℝ E'] {H : Type u_3} [TopologicalSpace H] {H' : Type u_4} [TopologicalSpace H'] {I : ModelWithCorners ℝ E H} {J : ModelWithCorners ℝ E' H'} {M : Type u_5} [TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace H M] {N : Type u_6} [TopologicalSpace N] [ChartedSpace H' N] {n : WithTop ℕ∞} {f g : SmoothEmbedding I J n M N} {P : Type u_8} [TopologicalSpace P] [ChartedSpace H' P] [IsManifold J n P] (hfg : f.Concordant g) (e : Diffeomorph J J N P n) :

                            An ambient diffeomorphism preserves concordance.

                            theorem TauCeti.SmoothEmbedding.Concordant.compDiffeomorph {E : Type u_1} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace ℝ E] {E' : Type u_2} [NormedAddCommGroup E'] [NormedSpace ℝ E'] {H : Type u_3} [TopologicalSpace H] {H' : Type u_4} [TopologicalSpace H'] {I : ModelWithCorners ℝ E H} {J : ModelWithCorners ℝ E' H'} {M : Type u_5} [TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace H M] {N : Type u_6} [TopologicalSpace N] [ChartedSpace H' N] {n : WithTop ℕ∞} {f g : SmoothEmbedding I J n M N} {M' : Type u_7} [TopologicalSpace M'] [ChartedSpace H M'] [IsManifold I n M'] (hfg : f.Concordant g) (e : Diffeomorph I I M' M n) :

                            Reparametrizing the source by a diffeomorphism preserves concordance.

                            theorem TauCeti.SmoothEmbedding.Concordant.refl {E : Type u_1} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace ℝ E] {E' : Type u_2} [NormedAddCommGroup E'] [NormedSpace ℝ E'] {H : Type u_3} [TopologicalSpace H] {H' : Type u_4} [TopologicalSpace H'] {I : ModelWithCorners ℝ E H} {J : ModelWithCorners ℝ E' H'} {M : Type u_5} [TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace H M] {N : Type u_6} [TopologicalSpace N] [ChartedSpace H' N] {n : WithTop ℕ∞} [IsManifold I n M] [IsManifold J n N] (f : SmoothEmbedding I J n M N) :

                            Concordance is reflexive.

                            theorem TauCeti.SmoothEmbedding.Concordant.symm {E : Type u_1} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace ℝ E] {E' : Type u_2} [NormedAddCommGroup E'] [NormedSpace ℝ E'] {H : Type u_3} [TopologicalSpace H] {H' : Type u_4} [TopologicalSpace H'] {I : ModelWithCorners ℝ E H} {J : ModelWithCorners ℝ E' H'} {M : Type u_5} [TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace H M] {N : Type u_6} [TopologicalSpace N] [ChartedSpace H' N] {n : WithTop ℕ∞} {f g : SmoothEmbedding I J n M N} [IsManifold I n M] [IsManifold J n N] (hfg : f.Concordant g) :

                            Concordance is symmetric.

                            theorem TauCeti.SmoothEmbedding.Concordant.trans {E : Type u_1} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace ℝ E] {E' : Type u_2} [NormedAddCommGroup E'] [NormedSpace ℝ E'] {H : Type u_3} [TopologicalSpace H] {H' : Type u_4} [TopologicalSpace H'] {I : ModelWithCorners ℝ E H} {J : ModelWithCorners ℝ E' H'} {M : Type u_5} [TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace H M] {N : Type u_6} [TopologicalSpace N] [ChartedSpace H' N] {n : WithTop ℕ∞} {f g h : SmoothEmbedding I J n M N} [IsManifold I n M] [IsManifold J n N] [FiniteDimensional ℝ E'] (hfg : f.Concordant g) (hgh : g.Concordant h) :

                            Concordance is transitive, for a finite-dimensional ambient model.

                            For a finite-dimensional ambient model, concordance is an equivalence relation on smooth embeddings.

                            Concordance of smooth embeddings, packaged as a setoid.

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                              @[simp]
                              theorem TauCeti.SmoothEmbedding.Concordant.setoid_r_iff {E : Type u_1} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace ℝ E] {E' : Type u_2} [NormedAddCommGroup E'] [NormedSpace ℝ E'] {H : Type u_3} [TopologicalSpace H] {H' : Type u_4} [TopologicalSpace H'] {I : ModelWithCorners ℝ E H} {J : ModelWithCorners ℝ E' H'} {M : Type u_5} [TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace H M] {N : Type u_6} [TopologicalSpace N] [ChartedSpace H' N] {n : WithTop ℕ∞} {f g : SmoothEmbedding I J n M N} [IsManifold I n M] [IsManifold J n N] [FiniteDimensional ℝ E'] :
                              (setoid I J n M N) f g ↔ f.Concordant g

                              The relation of the concordance setoid is concordance.

                              theorem TauCeti.SmoothEmbedding.SmoothAmbientIsotopic.concordant {E : Type u_1} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace ℝ E] {E' : Type u_2} [NormedAddCommGroup E'] [NormedSpace ℝ E'] {H : Type u_3} [TopologicalSpace H] {H' : Type u_4} [TopologicalSpace H'] {I : ModelWithCorners ℝ E H} {J : ModelWithCorners ℝ E' H'} {M : Type u_5} [TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace H M] {N : Type u_6} [TopologicalSpace N] [ChartedSpace H' N] {n : WithTop ℕ∞} [IsManifold I n M] [IsManifold J n N] (hn : n ≤ ↑⊤) {f g : SmoothEmbedding I J n M N} (hfg : f.SmoothAmbientIsotopic g) :

                              Smoothly ambient isotopic embeddings are concordant, through the trace of the diffeotopy.