The dimension-shifting sequences #
For a representation A of a group G, the embedding A ⟶ Coind_⊥^G A into the representation
coinduced from the trivial subgroup and the projection Ind_⊥^G A ⟶ A from the induced
representation give short exact sequences
0 ⟶ A ⟶ Coind_⊥^G A ⟶ dimensionShiftUp A ⟶ 0 and
0 ⟶ dimensionShiftDown A ⟶ Ind_⊥^G A ⟶ A ⟶ 0,
which stay short exact after restriction along any monoid homomorphism H →* G. As
representations of G itself, the middle terms have vanishing positive-degree cohomology
(groupCohomology.isZero_coindBot_succ), respectively homology
(groupHomology.isZero_indBot_succ), and for a finite group vanishing Tate cohomology in every
degree (TauCeti.TateCohomology.isZero_coindBot, TauCeti.TateCohomology.isZero_indBot), so the
connecting homomorphisms of these sequences shift degrees. This is the dimension shifting of
Milne, Class Field Theory, II 1.13 and 1.28; this file provides the sequences themselves.
The constructions follow ClassFieldTheory/Cohomology/Functors/UpDown.lean in
kbuzzard/ClassFieldTheory, commit ccc3323c6750abca25b49b35106f54eb3a398509.
Main definitions #
Rep.dimensionShiftUp,Rep.dimensionShiftUpπ,Rep.dimensionShiftUpSES: the cokernel ofA ⟶ Coind_⊥^G Aand its short complex.Rep.dimensionShiftDown,Rep.dimensionShiftDownι,Rep.dimensionShiftDownSES: the kernel ofInd_⊥^G A ⟶ Aand its short complex.Rep.dimensionShiftUpπIsCokernel,Rep.dimensionShiftDownιIsKernel: their universal properties. The definitions are opaque, so consumers construct maps through these properties.Rep.dimensionShiftUpMap,Rep.dimensionShiftDownMap: the maps a morphism of coefficients induces on the two shifts, andRep.dimensionShiftUpSESMap,Rep.dimensionShiftDownSESMap: the morphisms it induces between the short complexes.Rep.dimensionShiftUpFunctor,Rep.dimensionShiftDownFunctor: the two shifts as endofunctors ofRep k G, with the natural transformationsRep.dimensionShiftUpπNatTransandRep.dimensionShiftDownιNatTrans, andRep.dimensionShiftUpSESFunctor,Rep.dimensionShiftDownSESFunctor: the two sequences as functors to short complexes.
Main statements #
Rep.dimensionShiftUpSES_def,Rep.dimensionShiftDownSES_def: the maps in the two short complexes.Rep.dimensionShiftUpSES_shortExact,Rep.dimensionShiftUpSES_res_shortExact,Rep.dimensionShiftUpSES_tensorLeft_shortExact: the upward sequence is short exact, also after restriction and after tensoring on the left with any representation.Rep.dimensionShiftDownSES_shortExact,Rep.dimensionShiftDownSES_res_shortExact,Rep.dimensionShiftDownSES_tensorLeft_shortExact: the same for the downward sequence.Rep.dimensionShiftUpπ_naturality,Rep.dimensionShiftDownι_naturality: the coefficient maps commute with the quotient projection and with the kernel inclusion.
References #
- J. S. Milne, Class Field Theory, Chapter II, §1.
- K. S. Brown, Cohomology of Groups, Chapter III, §7.
The upward dimension shift #
The cokernel of the embedding A ⟶ Coind_⊥^G A, so that
Hⁿ⁺¹(G, dimensionShiftUp A) ≅ Hⁿ⁺²(G, A).
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The projection from the coinduced module onto dimensionShiftUp A.
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The projection onto dimensionShiftUp A is an epimorphism.
The embedding into the coinduced module followed by the dimension-shift projection is zero.
The embedding into the coinduced module followed by the dimension-shift projection is zero.
The dimension-shift projection is a cokernel of the embedding into the coinduced module.
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The short complex A ⟶ Coind_⊥^G A ⟶ dimensionShiftUp A.
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The upward dimension-shifting short complex has maps the embedding into the coinduced module and the dimension-shift projection.
The first object in the upward dimension-shifting short complex is A.
The middle object in the upward dimension-shifting short complex is coinduced from ⊥.
The last object in the upward dimension-shifting short complex is dimensionShiftUp A.
The short complex A ⟶ Coind_⊥^G A ⟶ dimensionShiftUp A is short exact.
The upward dimension-shifting short complex stays short exact after restriction along any
monoid homomorphism f : H →* G.
The upward dimension-shifting short complex stays short exact after tensoring on the left with
any representation M: the embedding into the coinduced module has the k-linear retraction
f ↦ f 1.
The downward dimension shift #
The kernel of the projection Ind_⊥^G A ⟶ A, so that
Ĥⁿ(G, A) ≅ Ĥⁿ⁺¹(G, dimensionShiftDown A) when G is finite.
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The inclusion of dimensionShiftDown A into the induced module.
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The inclusion of dimensionShiftDown A is a monomorphism.
The dimension-shift inclusion followed by the projection onto A is zero.
The dimension-shift inclusion followed by the projection onto A is zero.
The dimension-shift inclusion is a kernel of the projection onto A.
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The short complex dimensionShiftDown A ⟶ Ind_⊥^G A ⟶ A.
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The downward dimension-shifting short complex has maps the dimension-shift inclusion and the
projection onto A.
The first object in the downward dimension-shifting short complex is dimensionShiftDown A.
The middle object in the downward dimension-shifting short complex is induced from ⊥.
The last object in the downward dimension-shifting short complex is A.
The short complex dimensionShiftDown A ⟶ Ind_⊥^G A ⟶ A is short exact.
The downward dimension-shifting short complex stays short exact after restriction along any
monoid homomorphism f : H →* G.
The downward dimension-shifting short complex stays short exact after tensoring on the left
with any representation M: the projection from the induced module has the k-linear section
a ↦ ⟦1 ⊗ₜ a⟧.
Functoriality of the dimension-shifting sequences #
The morphism induced on the upward dimension shift by a representation morphism.
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The map on upward shifts commutes with their quotient projections.
The map on upward shifts commutes with their quotient projections.
The upward shift map preserves identity morphisms.
The upward shift map preserves composition.
A coefficient morphism induces a morphism of the public presentations of the upward
dimension-shifting sequences (dimensionShiftUpSES_def).
Equations
- Rep.dimensionShiftUpSESMap f = { τ₁ := f, τ₂ := Rep.coindBotMap f, τ₃ := Rep.dimensionShiftUpMap f, comm₁₂ := ⋯, comm₂₃ := ⋯ }
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The first component of the upward sequence morphism.
The middle component of the upward sequence morphism.
The last component of the upward sequence morphism.
The morphism induced on the downward dimension shift by a representation morphism.
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The map on downward shifts commutes with their inclusions into induced modules.
The map on downward shifts commutes with their inclusions into induced modules.
The downward shift map preserves identity morphisms.
The downward shift map preserves composition.
A coefficient morphism induces a morphism of the public presentations of the downward
dimension-shifting sequences (dimensionShiftDownSES_def).
Equations
- Rep.dimensionShiftDownSESMap f = { τ₁ := Rep.dimensionShiftDownMap f, τ₂ := Rep.indBotMap f, τ₃ := f, comm₁₂ := ⋯, comm₂₃ := ⋯ }
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The first component of the downward sequence morphism.
The middle component of the downward sequence morphism.
The last component of the downward sequence morphism.
Bundled coefficient functoriality #
The upward dimension shift as an endofunctor on representations.
Equations
- Rep.dimensionShiftUpFunctor = { obj := Rep.dimensionShiftUp, map := fun {X Y : Rep.{?u.1, ?u.1, ?u.1} k G} (f : X ⟶ Y) => Rep.dimensionShiftUpMap f, map_id := ⋯, map_comp := ⋯ }
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The upward shift functor evaluates to the upward shift.
The upward shift functor acts on morphisms by dimensionShiftUpMap.
The projection from coinduction to the upward shift, natural in coefficients.
Equations
- Rep.dimensionShiftUpπNatTrans = { app := fun (A : Rep.{?u.1, ?u.1, ?u.1} k G) => A.dimensionShiftUpπ, naturality := ⋯ }
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The component of the upward projection is the cokernel projection.
The upward short exact sequence as a functor of coefficient representations.
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- One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.
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The upward sequence functor evaluates to the upward short exact sequence.
The upward sequence functor acts on morphisms by dimensionShiftUpSESMap.
The downward dimension shift as an endofunctor on representations.
Equations
- Rep.dimensionShiftDownFunctor = { obj := Rep.dimensionShiftDown, map := fun {X Y : Rep.{?u.1, ?u.1, ?u.1} k G} (f : X ⟶ Y) => Rep.dimensionShiftDownMap f, map_id := ⋯, map_comp := ⋯ }
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The downward shift functor evaluates to the downward shift.
The downward shift functor acts on morphisms by dimensionShiftDownMap.
The inclusion of the downward shift into induction, natural in coefficients.
Equations
- Rep.dimensionShiftDownιNatTrans = { app := fun (A : Rep.{?u.1, ?u.1, ?u.1} k G) => A.dimensionShiftDownι, naturality := ⋯ }
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The component of the downward inclusion is the kernel inclusion.
The downward short exact sequence as a functor of coefficient representations.
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- One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.
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The downward sequence functor evaluates to the downward short exact sequence.
The downward sequence functor acts on morphisms by dimensionShiftDownSESMap.